Rome, the capital of the Roman Empire, is referenced throughout the New Testament as a place of immense political power and cultural influence. Though it was a city steeped in paganism, persecution, and imperial rule, it also became a vital ground for the spread of the gospel.
Paul longed to visit Rome and preach there. Romans 1:15 says, “So, as much as is in me, I am ready to preach the gospel to you who are in Rome also.” He eventually arrived, not as a free man, but as a prisoner. Yet even in chains, the gospel was not hindered. Acts 28:30-31 records that Paul dwelt there two years, “preaching the kingdom of God and teaching the things which concern the Lord Jesus Christ with all confidence.”
The epistle to the Romans stands as one of the most theologically rich letters in the New Testament, expounding on righteousness by faith, justification, sanctification, and the providence of God.
Rome also became a center of persecution. Both Paul and Peter were eventually martyred there, according to early church tradition. 2 Timothy 4:6-7 reflects Paul’s awareness of his approaching death, writing, “I have fought the good fight, I have finished the race, I have kept the faith.”
In Revelation 17–18, Rome is often associated with the prophetic image of Babylon, representing corrupt world systems opposed to God. Yet, despite its opposition, many within Rome came to faith, including some from Caesar’s own household (Philippians 4:22).
Rome embodies both the opposition of worldly empires to God’s kingdom and the triumph of the gospel even in the heart of power.
