Caesarea Philippi is a city located at the base of Mount Hermon, near one of the sources of the Jordan River, in the northern part of ancient Israel. It is most significant in the New Testament as the location of a pivotal event in Jesus’ ministry.
In Matthew 16:13–20 and Mark 8:27–30, Jesus brought His disciples to the region of Caesarea Philippi and asked them, “Who do men say that I, the Son of Man, am?” The disciples reported various answers, but Peter declared, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God” (Matthew 16:16). Jesus affirmed this confession, stating that it had been revealed by the Father, and added, “On this rock I will build My church, and the gates of Hades shall not prevail against it” (Matthew 16:18).
This declaration marked a turning point in Jesus’ public ministry. It was here that He first clearly foretold His suffering, death, and resurrection (Matthew 16:21), preparing His disciples for what was to come.
The location is significant. Caesarea Philippi was known for its pagan worship, particularly of the Greek god Pan, and was home to various shrines and temples. By asking this profound question in such a spiritually dark place, Jesus affirmed His identity in contrast to the surrounding idolatry and declared the unstoppable mission of His church.
Caesarea Philippi thus becomes a symbol of revelation, confession, and the foundation of the church. Peter’s confession at this place of pagan influence highlights the power of truth and the identity of Christ as the Son of God, against which no earthly or spiritual power can prevail.
