The Nazirite vow was a special commitment made by individuals who voluntarily dedicated themselves to the Lord for a set period of time. The guidelines are outlined in Numbers 6:1–21 and include distinct outward signs of consecration.
The term “Nazirite” comes from the Hebrew word nazir, meaning “consecrated” or “separated.”
There were three main prohibitions for a Nazirite during the vow period:
No consumption of grape products—wine, vinegar, fresh grapes, raisins, or anything from the vine (Numbers 6:3–4).
No cutting of hair—the hair was to grow freely as a sign of dedication (Numbers 6:5).
No contact with the dead—even if a close family member died, the Nazirite could not become ceremonially unclean (Numbers 6:6–7).
At the end of the vow, the individual was to present offerings at the tabernacle: a burnt offering, a sin offering, and a peace offering. The Nazirite would also shave his or her head, and the hair would be burned on the altar (Numbers 6:13–20).
While the vow was often temporary, some individuals were lifelong Nazirites. Samson was one such case, though he broke multiple parts of his vow (Judges 13–16). Samuel may also have been a lifelong Nazirite (1 Samuel 1:11), and John the Baptist is considered by many to have taken a similar vow based on Luke 1:15.
The Nazirite vow represented deep personal devotion. It was not required by the law but was a voluntary act of dedication. It served to visibly separate the individual for a season of special service or focus on the Lord.
In the New Testament, Paul took part in purification rites with men who had taken a vow, likely Nazirite, in Acts 21:23–26. This was not to keep the law for righteousness, but to show respect for Jewish customs and maintain unity among Jewish believers.
The Nazirite vow illustrates the seriousness of setting oneself apart for God. Though the outward form is not practiced today, the inward call to holiness, sacrifice, and consecration remains vital for all who follow Christ.
