Cyrus the Great was the founder of the Persian Empire and ruled from approximately 559 to 530 B.C. He was a pagan king who worshipped idols and had no allegiance to the God of Israel. Yet, he was a tool in the hand of the Almighty. God called him by name long before he was even born, prophesying through Isaiah:
“Who says of Cyrus, ‘He is My shepherd, And he shall perform all My pleasure, Saying to Jerusalem, “You shall be built,” And to the temple, “Your foundation shall be laid.”’” (Isaiah 44:28)
This prophecy was written nearly 150 years before Cyrus’ birth, proving God’s omniscience. Though he was not a believer, God used him to fulfill His divine purposes. His rule marked a shift in world power, as he established the Persian Empire, which became the most dominant force in the ancient world. His empire stretched from modern-day Turkey to India, making him one of the most powerful rulers of his time.
Despite his worldly power, he was still subject to the true King of Kings.
How Did God Use an Evil King for Good?
God used Cyrus to fulfill His promises to Israel, proving that even the wicked are under His control (Proverbs 21:1). Here’s how God’s providence worked through Cyrus:
The Decree to Rebuild the Temple
When the Jews were in Babylonian captivity for 70 years (Jeremiah 25:11-12), it seemed like all hope was lost. But just as prophesied, Cyrus issued a decree that allowed the Jews to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the temple:
“Thus says Cyrus king of Persia: All the kingdoms of the earth the LORD God of heaven has given me. And He has commanded me to build Him a house at Jerusalem which is in Judah. Who is among you of all His people? May the LORD his God be with him, and let him go up!” (2 Chronicles 36:23)
This decree fulfilled Jeremiah’s prophecy (Jeremiah 29:10) that Israel would return after 70 years of exile. Though Cyrus had no personal faith in the God of Israel, he acted according to God’s divine plan.
God’s Authority Over Pagan Kings
Cyrus was not a righteous man, yet God called him His anointed:
“Thus says the LORD to His anointed, To Cyrus, whose right hand I have held—To subdue nations before him And loose the armor of kings, To open before him the double doors, So that the gates will not be shut.” (Isaiah 45:1)
This was fulfilled when Cyrus conquered Babylon in one night (Daniel 5). God even said of him:
“For Jacob My servant’s sake, And Israel My elect, I have even called you by your name; I have named you, though you have not known Me.” (Isaiah 45:4)
God raised up a pagan king to carry out His will, demonstrating that no ruler, no matter how powerful or wicked, can thwart His plans (Proverbs 19:21).
My Final Thoughts
Cyrus was not a godly man, yet God used him mightily. This reminds us that God is always in control, even when it looks like the wicked are ruling (Psalm 75:7). He can use even the most ungodly leaders to accomplish His will. This should give us confidence today—no matter who is in power, no matter how corrupt the world seems, God is still on His throne. He can turn the heart of any ruler (Proverbs 21:1) and fulfill His promises in His perfect time.
Just as Cyrus unknowingly carried out God’s plan, God is at work in the nations today. Our job is to trust Him, remain faithful, and recognize that His purposes will be fulfilled.
