The apparent contradiction in Proverbs is intentional and instructional. It highlights the need for discernment in how and when to respond to a fool, based on the context and purpose of the conversation.
Proverbs 26:4–5 says:
“Do not answer a fool according to his folly, lest you also be like him.”
(Proverbs 26:4)
“Answer a fool according to his folly, lest he be wise in his own eyes.”
(Proverbs 26:5)
The two verses seem to oppose each other, but they are actually complementary. Together, they teach that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to dealing with foolishness. The key is wisdom in timing and method.
“Do not answer” means that sometimes responding to a fool legitimizes their nonsense and drags you into a foolish argument. It warns against stooping to their level and losing your own integrity.
“Answer” means that at other times, a fool needs to be corrected so that their false confidence does not go unchallenged. In these cases, silence can be mistaken for agreement, and a clear, wise reply is needed.
Jesus exemplified both responses. He remained silent before Herod (Luke 23:9), showing it was pointless to answer. Yet He also rebuked the Pharisees, exposing their hypocrisy when it served a greater purpose (Matthew 23).
The message of these verses is that wisdom is not just knowing what to say, but also when to say it and when to remain silent. It takes spiritual discernment to know the difference.